Grid Connection Conditions

Grid Connection Conditions are legal and technical requirements set by grid operators that regulate the integration of photovoltaic systems (PV systems) into the public electricity grid. These conditions are binding for every system operator and serve to ensure the safe and reliable operation of the power grid.

Objectives of Grid Connection Conditions

• Grid Stability: The feed-in of electricity from PV systems must occur in a manner that keeps the grid frequency and voltage within specified tolerances.
• Avoiding Disturbances: The PV system must not cause disturbances in the grid, such as overvoltages or feedback effects on other systems.
• Protection of Persons and Equipment: The grid connection conditions also serve to protect persons and equipment from damage.

Content Aspects of Grid Connection Conditions

• Technical Requirements:
  • Output: The maximum feed-in capacity of the PV system is limited.
  • Voltage and Frequency: The PV system must comply with the grid voltage and frequency.
  • Efficiency: There may be requirements for the efficiency of the inverters.
  • Protective Measures: The PV system must be equipped with appropriate protective measures (e.g., surge protection, island operation protection).
• Measurement and Billing:
  • Meter: A calibrated meter for measuring the fed-in energy must be installed.
  • Data Transmission: The measurement data must be transmitted to the grid operator.
• Grid Connection Agreement: The system operator must enter into a grid connection agreement with the responsible grid operator.

Importance for PV System Operators

Compliance with the grid connection conditions is of great importance for PV system operators. Violations can lead to feed-in stoppages, fines, or other sanctions. Careful planning and implementation of the PV system, considering the grid connection conditions, is therefore essential.

Relevant Keywords: PV System, Grid Operator, Electricity Grid, Feed-In, Inverters, EEG (Renewable Energy Sources Act)