Heterojunction

A heterojunction refers in photovoltaics to the transition between two different semiconductor materials within a solar cell. Unlike a homojunction, where both materials are identical, the heterojunction allows for targeted control of the electronic properties at the interface.

Functionality:

In a heterojunction solar cell, a crystalline silicon wafer is typically combined with a thin layer of amorphous silicon or another semiconductor material. This combination leads to improved charge carrier separation and transport, as the differing bandgaps of the materials create an electric field at the interface. This field causes the generated electrons and holes to be separated more efficiently and directed to their respective contacts.

Advantages of Heterojunction Solar Cells:

• Higher Efficiency: Due to optimized charge carrier separation and transport, heterojunction solar cells can achieve higher efficiencies than conventional solar cells.
• Lower Manufacturing Costs: The use of thin layers reduces material consumption and simplifies manufacturing processes.
• Better Performance at Lower Temperatures: Heterojunction solar cells exhibit lower temperature dependence of performance, making them attractive for certain applications, such as in colder regions.
• Reduced Light Induction: Heterojunction solar cells are less susceptible to light-induced degradation (LID) and potential-induced degradation (PID), thereby extending their lifespan.

Applications:

Heterojunction solar cells are increasingly used in photovoltaics, especially in areas where high efficiency and long lifespan are required. They are utilized in both monocrystalline and polycrystalline solar modules.

Relevant Keywords: photovoltaics, solar cell, semiconductor, bandgap, efficiency, silicon